Reinspyre

Reminder to Inspire

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Quran

If you would like to read the Quran, please visit quran.com
The Quran can be summarized in three messages

  1. Oneness of Allah (Tauheed)
  2. Message & the Messenger (Risala)
  3. Day of Judgement (Yaum id Din)

Quran Summary by Juz

Here you will find a summary of the quran divided into 30 parts (or 30 Juz as it is called in arabic). These are my notes based on video lectures offered by Shiekh Dr. Yasir Qadhi in Ramadan 2020

Juz 21

Suras 30. Al Rum, 31. Luqman, 32. As Sajdah

Part 20

30 Al Rum (Romans / Byzantine)

Late Makki Sura – 60 Ayaat

  1. Revelation related to non Arab politics
  2. Revealed after Persians defeated Romans in Jerusalem (614 CE). (Islamic Date of Migration is 622 CE which is Start of Hijri Calendar).
    1. Prediction made that Romans will win back over Persians.

Romans vs Persians

  1. There was a war between Romans (Byzantines) and Persians (Sassanid) empire 602-628 CE.
  2. Persians conquered Syria, Turkey (Anatolia), and Egypt.
  3. In 614CE Persians controlled Jerusalem and it seemed that Roman Empire will be fully destroyed
  4. The Quraish inclined towards the Persians because
    1. Persians were Pagans
    2. Romans were Ahl e Kitab (Abrahamic) and closer in belief to Islam

The Prediction of Victory of Roman’s

  1. Rome has been defeated but they shall be victorious in a few years by permission of Allāh. This is an affair Allāh has decreed. On that day believers themselves will be celebrating own victory. Aya 1-3.
  2. Roman Emperor Heracles reconquered the land back.
  3. Muslim victory of The battle of badr took place on the same day (17 Ramadan) when Heracles conquered
  4. Aya 6. (It is) the promise of Allah. Allah does not fail in His promise, but most of the people do not know.

Heedlessness of Akhira

  1. Aya 7 They know what is apparent of the worldly life, but they, of the Hereafter, are unaware.
  2. Allah criticize the people who are heedless of the afterlife. One can have knowledge of this world. Make sure that knowledge is used to ponder and invest in hereafter.

Ayaat on Miracles of Allah

  1. Praise and Glorify Allah when you sleep and rise up, And to Him is due (all praise) throughout the heavens and the earth
  2. Aya.17-30 several miracles of Allah are mentioned. The skin colours, the languages, sleep at night, creation from dust then spread on earth, sleep by night and seek bounty at day, lightning and rain.
  3. Ending ayaat also explaining how the rain is a miracle. How clouds are formed, how they travel and eventually raindrops fall. The ones who receive it rejoice. Aya.48-50

Aya of Marriage Miracle

  1. Aya.21. the verse about marriage . And of His signs is that He created for you from yourselves mates that you may find tranquility in them; and He placed between you affection and mercy. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.

Islam is Fitra / Hanifa / Pure

  1. Aya 30 So direct your face [i.e., self] toward the religion, inclining to truth. (Adhere to) the fithra of Allah upon which He has created [all] people. No change should there be in the creation of Allah. That is the correct religion, but most of the people do not know.
  2. The Fitra (intuitive compass) always leans towards Tauheed and message of Islam. Some people ignore it because of their customs or culture.

The Evil of this World is due to Sins of Creation

  1. Aya 41 Corruption has appeared throughout the land and sea by [reason of] what the hands of people have earned so He (i.e., Allah) may let them taste part of [the consequence of] what they have done that perhaps they will return [to righteousness].
  2. Corruption and evil in Dunya are due to people’s sins. The pain and suffering of this world is taken as a reason to become atheist. This concept is called theodicy (how can you reconcile existence of God and Evil). People fail to understand
    1. Allah is Justice. Allah is full of Rahma.
    2. Allah does not love evil but rather there is a worldly/spiritual wisdom.
    3. Worldly Wisdom: There is a lot of good which fights the evil.
    4. Spiritual Wisdom: the sinners run back to Allāh at times of Evil.
    5. Reason: All evil is due to sins of humanity. Realm of angels does not have evil.
    6. We only see half of the coin. We do not see the rewards in akhira.
  3. Anyone who rejects God for this reason still doesn’t have the answers in fact they end up creating a much larger list of questions they cannot answer about the purpose of life

Muslims Should be Patient

  1. Aya 60 So be patient. Indeed, the promise of Allah is truth. And let them not disquiet you who are not certain (in faith)

31 Luqman (Wise Person)

Makki – 34 Ayaat – Advice Luqman

  1. Luqman was a righteous believer. Not a Prophet.
  2. describe the righteous
  3. Those who observe rituals
  4. Criticism of those who turn away and purchase “Lahw al Hadith”: vain and useless matters.

Vain and Useless Matters

  1. Aya 6. And of the people is he who buys the amusement of speech to mislead [others] from the way of Allah without knowledge and who takes it (i.e., His way)in ridicule. Those will have a humiliating punishment.
  2. Any waste of time or activity that prevents from worship of Allah is criticised.

Advice of Luqman

  1. Luqman was from Africa Aya 12-19. His advice to his child
  2. Do not commit Shirq
  3. Allah tells us to be obedient to our parents. Allah has ordered this
    1. Aya 14. And We have enjoined upon man (care) for his parents. His mother carried him, (increasing her) in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years. Be grateful to Me and to your parents; to Me is the (final) destination.
  4. Allah is the all-seeing – Taqwa and Accountability
    1. Aya 16. (And Luqman said), “O my son, indeed if it (i.e., a wrong) should be the weight of a mustard seed and should be within a rock or (anywhere) in the heavens or in the earth, Allah will bring it forth. Indeed, Allah is Subtle and Acquainted.
  5. Establish prayer
  6. Command good
  7. Forbid evil
  8. Be Modest and Lowering voice
    1. Aya 19. And be moderate in your pace and lower your voice; indeed, the most disagreeable of sounds is the voice of donkeys.

The Blessings of Allah

  1. Aya 20. Do you not see that Allah has made subject to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth and amply bestowed upon you His favors, [both] apparent and unapparent? But of the people is he who disputes about Allah without knowledge or guidance or an enlightening Book (from Him)

The one who submits to Allah

  1. Aya 22. And whoever submits his face (i.e., self) to Allah while he is a doer of good – then he has grasped the most trustworthy handhold. And to Allah will be the outcome of (all) matters
  2. Islam is submission to Allah. Through submission one can find peace, but Islam itself does not directly mean peace

The day of judgement.

  1. O people be conscious of Your Rabb. Beware of the day no soul can avail another soul. No child can avail a chil nor parents avail child. Verily promise of Allah is true. Therefore let not the life of this world decieve you. Neither let the big deceiver (Shaytaan) to deceive you. Aya 32-33
  2. Reasons for going astray
    1. Worldly desires and objects
    2. Shaytaans whispers

Things only Allāh knows

  1. The five things only Allah knows
    1. Occurrence of the hour
    2. When and how much Rain
    3. What is in the Womb (when the child is born, how long they live, male or female)
    4. What a soul will perceive
    5. In which land a soul will die
  2. Aya 44 Indeed, Allah (alone) has knowledge of the Hour and sends down the rain and knows what is in the wombs. And no soul perceives what it will earn tomorrow, and no soul perceives in what land it will die. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Acquainted. 

32 As Sajdah (Prostration)

Makki – 30 Ayaat – Journey of our Life

  1. Our prophet ﷺ Recited this surah in the first rakath of fajr Salah on Friday
  2. Main theme is the journey of our life from beginning of time until day of judgement

Creation of Universe & Adam

  1. Allah created the earth and heavens in 6 stages Aya 4.
    1. Ayam is not days but periods or stages
  2. The creation of Adam AS.
    1. Aya 8. Who perfected everything which He created and began the creation of man from clay
    2. Adam عليه السلام is created by clay and all his descendants reproduced by non-humble fluid
    3. Adam and Hawa are our first parents and they did not come from other species but we do not understand the science behind it
    4. Theory of evolution is a theory, no one has proven it. Muslims should do research on evolutionary origins of humanity. We agree with parts of evolution but firmly believe that divine intervention is part of creation.
    5. Any true proven fact of the world can never contradict the Quran or Sunnah because they are all from Allāh.

The Blessings of Allah

  1. Aya 9. Then He proportioned him and breathed into him from His (created) soul and made for you hearing and vision and hearts (i.e., intellect); little are you grateful.
  2. When Allāh speaks of creation spoke in third person but when we are given hearing and intelligence Allah speaks directly speaks to us.

Mumin vs Mujrim

  1. At time of Death Aya 11. Say, “The angel of death will take you who has been entrusted with you. Then to your Lord you will be returned.”
  2. The criminals/mujrim asking for one more chance.
    1. Aya 12. If you could but see when the criminals are hanging their heads before their Lord, [saying], “Our Lord, we have seen and heard, so return us (to the world); we will work righteousness. Indeed, we are (now) certain.”
    2. Disbelief in Allāh is the biggest crime therefore called criminals
  3. The believers
    1. Aya 15. Only those believe in Our verses who, when they are reminded by them, fall down in prostration and exalt (Allah) with praise of their Lord, and they are not arrogant.
    2. The sides of the believers crave the bed but they stay up in prayer (tahajud) and they are generous with charity

What Awaits is Unimaginable

  1. Aya 17. And no soul knows what has been hidden for them of comfort for eyes (i.e., satisfaction) as reward for what they used to do.
  2. Aya 18. Then is one who was a believer like one who was defiantly disobedient? They are not equal.

First Small Test before then Major Punishment

  1. The small test prior to the final punishment
    1. Aya 21. And We will surely let them taste the nearer punishment short of the greater punishment that perhaps they will return (i.e., repent).
    2. Any pain we suffer through has a higher wisdom and we should use it as an opportunity to come closer to Allāh. Ibn Taymiyya said any calamity which brings you closer to Allāh is a blessing
    3. If evil is predominant a community can be punished even if there are some pious amongst them. Of course the fate of the pious in Akhira is not the same as the evil.
  2. Reminds the lame questioning of disbelievers about when will the hour occurs and Allah commands us to tell them we both wait and let Allah decide our fate
The Quran and the Sunnah are the best gifts and let the believers rejoice for having them. Nothing in the Universe is better than these two gifts of Allah.